Carlos Caldas is Professor of Cancer Medicine at the University of Cambridge, Head of the Breast Cancer Functional Genomics Laboratory at the Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, and Visiting Professor at the Weizmann Institute. He is an Honorary Consultant Medical Oncologist and was the Founding Director of the Breast Cancer Programme at the Cambridge Cancer Centre. He is Fellow of the Academy of the Medical Sciences, Fellow of the European Academy of Cancer Sciences, and EMBO Member. He has published over 450 manuscripts, including in Nature, New England Journal of Medicine, Nature Genetics, Nature Medicine, Nature Cancer, Cell, Cancer Cell, Cell Reports, Science Translational Medicine, and Nature Communications. His research focus is the functional genomics of breast cancer and its biological and clinical implications. His laboratory redefined the molecular taxonomy of breast cancer, revealing novel subtypes and their respective genomic drivers and multi-omic landscapes, robustly validated this new molecular taxonomy, and showed that it determines the clinical trajectories of patients. He led the studies that established ctDNA as a monitoring biomarker in breast cancer and as a liquid biopsy to unravel therapy resistance. His laboratory pioneered and developed the use of patient-derived tumour explants as models of breast cancer, in particular as a platform to characterize and perturb tumour ecosystems. In a recent landmark paper published in Nature, using multi-omics and machine learning, his group showed the biology of breast tumour ecosystems determines response to therapy. He has been distinguished by Web of Science as a Highly Cited Researcher in 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, and 2023. He received the 2016 ESMO Hamilton Fairley Award, the 2021 European Society of Human Genetics Award, the 2021 Susan G. Komen Brinker Award for Scientific Distinction in Basic Science and the 51st Leopold Griffuel Award in 2023.